2017年12月英語四級考試真題及答案5（第1套）

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

It's time to reevaluate how women handle conflict at work.Being overworked or over-committed at home and on the job will not get you where you want to be in life.It will only slow you down and hinder your career goals.

Did you know women are more likely than men to feel exhausted?Nearly twice as many women than men ages 18-44 reported feeling"very tired"or"exhausted",according to a recent study.

This may not be surprising given that this is the age range when women have children.It's also the age range when many women are trying to balance careers and home.One reason women may feel exhausted is that they have a hard time saying"no."Women want to be able to do it all—volunteer for school parties or cook delicious meals—and so their answer to any request is often"Yes,I can."

Women struggle to say"no"in the workplace for similar reasons,including the desire to be liked by their colleagues.Unfortunately,this inability to say"no"may be hurting women's heath as well as their career.

At the workplace,men use conflict as a way to position themselves,while women often avoid conflict or strive to be the peacemaker,because they don't want to be viewed as aggressive or disruptive at work.For example,there's a problem that needs to be addressed immediately,resulting in a dispute over who should be the one to fix it.Men are more likely to face that dispute from the perspective of what benefits them most,whereas women may approach the same dispute from the perspective of what's the easiest and quickest way to resolve the problem—even if that means doing the boring work themselves.

This difference in handling conflict could be the deciding factor on who gets promoted to a leadership position and who does not.Leaders have to be able to delegate and manage resources wisely—including staff expertise.Shouldering more of the workload may not earn you that promotion.Instead,it may highlight your inability to delegate effectively.

51．What does the author say is the problem with women?

A．They are often unclear about the career goals to reach.

B．They are usually more committed at home than on the job.

C．They tend to be over-optimistic about how far they could go.

D．They tend to push themselves beyond the limits of their ability.

52.Why do working women of child-bearing age tend to feel drained of energy?

A．They struggle to satisfy the demands of both work and home.

B．They are too devoted to work and unable to relax as a result.

C．They do their best to cooperate with their workmates.

D．They are obliged to take up too many responsibilities.

53．What may hinder the future prospects of career women?

A．Their unwillingness to say"no".

B．Their desire to be considered powerful.

C．An underestimate of their own ability.

D．A lack of courage to face challenges.

54．Men and woman differ in their approach to resolving workplace conflicts in that ______.

A．women tend to be easily satisfied

B．men are generally more persuasive

C．men tend to put their personal interests first

D．women are much more ready to compromise

55．What is important to a good leader?

A．A dominant personality.

B．The ability to delegate.

C．The courage to admit failure.

D．A strong sense of responsibility.

【參考答案】

51-55：DAACB

【參考譯文】

是時候重新評估女性在工作中如何處理沖突了。在家里或工作中過度勞累或過度投入，不會讓你達(dá)到你想要的生活目標(biāo)。這只會減慢你的速度，阻礙你的職業(yè)目標(biāo)。

你知道女人比男人更容易感到疲憊嗎?根據(jù)最近的一項研究，18-44歲的女性感到“非常疲憊”或“疲憊”的人數(shù)是男性的近兩倍。

考慮到這是女性生孩子的年齡范圍，這可能并不奇怪。這也是許多女性試圖平衡事業(yè)和家庭的年齡范圍。女人感到疲憊的一個原因是她們很難說“不”。女性希望能夠做到這一點(diǎn)——參加學(xué)校聚會或做美味的飯菜——因此她們對任何要求的回答通常都是“是的，我能。”

女性在工作場合難以說“不”，原因與此類似，包括她們希望同事喜歡自己。不幸的是，不能說“不”可能會損害女性的健康和事業(yè)。

在工作場合，男性以沖突為自己定位的方式，而女性則往往避免沖突或努力成為和平的締造者，因為她們不想在工作中被視為好斗或搗亂。例如，有一個問題需要立即解決，導(dǎo)致關(guān)于誰應(yīng)該是解決問題的人的爭論。男人更有可能從什么對他們最有利的角度來面對這個問題，而女人可能會從什么是最容易、最快的解決問題的方法來處理同樣的問題，即使這意味著自己去做無聊的工作。

這種處理沖突的差異可能是決定誰能晉升到領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職位和誰不能的決定性因素。管理者必須能夠明智地分配和管理資源——包括員工的專業(yè)知識。承擔(dān)更多的工作量可能不會讓你獲得晉升。相反，它可能會突顯你無法有效地委派工作。

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2017年12月英語四級考試真題及答案匯總（第1套）