2019年6月英語四級仔細(xì)閱讀真題答案及解析(卷一)

英語四六級 責(zé)任編輯:谷蘭 2019-07-15

摘要:仔細(xì)閱讀在四級考試中占比 20%,也是一個(gè)閱讀中大分值板塊。篇章話題為社會(huì)文化及科學(xué)技術(shù),主要考察方向?yàn)槲恼录?xì)節(jié)信息尋找。本次考試仔細(xì)閱讀難度適中,通過題干關(guān)鍵詞在文中的定位可以快速找到答案信息。

Most kids grow up learning they cannot draw on the walls. But it might be time to unlearn that training—this summer, a group of culture junkies, artists and community organizers are inviting New Yorkers to write all over the walls of an old house on Governor’s Island.

The project is called Writing On It All, and it’s a participatory writing project and artistic experiment that has happened on Governor’s Island every summer since 2013.

"Most of the participants are people who are just walking by [and are] on the island for other reasons, like they came for the jazz festival, and they just kind of stumble in," artistic director of Writing On It All, Alexandra Chasin tells Smithsonian.com.

The 2016 season runs through June 26 and features sessions facilitated by everyone from dancers to domestic workers. Each session has a theme, and participants are given a variety of materials and prompts and asked to cover surfaces with their thoughts and art. This year, the programs range from one that turns the house into a collaborative essay to one that explores the meanings of exile.

Governor’s Island is a national historic landmark district long used for military purposes. Now known as “New York’s shared space for art and play,” the island, which lies between Manhattan and Brooklyn in Upper New York Bay, is closed to cars but open to summer tourists who flock for festivals, picnics, adventures, as well as these "legal graffiti" sessions.

The notes and art scribbled on the walls are an experiment in self-expression. So far, participants have run the gammit in ages, with participants as young as 2 years old to as old as 85. Though Chasin says the focus of the work is on the activity of writing, rather than the text that ends up getting written, some of the work that comes out of the sessions have stuck with her.

"One of the sessions that moved me the most was state violence on black women and black girls," says Chasin, explaining that in one room, people wrote down the names of those killed because of it. "People do beautiful work and leave beautiful messages."

【答案】CDBAD

【詳解】

46. What does the project Writing On It All invite people to do?

【解析】由題干中的Writing ON It All 定位到第二段第一句“The project is called Writing ON It All”,其中“ the project”提示這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的內(nèi)容在第一段;第一段“inviting New Yorkers to write all over the walls of an old house on Governor’s Island”直接對應(yīng)C選項(xiàng)“Cover the walls of an old house with graffiti”。

47. What do we learn about the participants in the project?

【解析】由題干關(guān)鍵詞“participants”定位到第三段第一句,“ people who are just walking by”對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)D。

48. What did the project participants do during the 2016 season?

【解析】由題干關(guān)鍵詞“project participants”和“the 2016 season”定位到第四段,其中“Each session has a theme”“participants are...asked to cover surfaces with their thoughts and art”對應(yīng)B選項(xiàng)“They expressed their thoughts in graffiti on the theme of each session”。

49. What kind of place is Governor’s Island?

【解析】由題干關(guān)鍵詞Governor's Island定位至第五段,該段第一句指出Governor's island is a national historic landmark district long used for...選項(xiàng) A是對該句的改寫,故為正確答案。

50. What does Chasin say about the project?

【解析】由題干關(guān)鍵詞“Chasin”定位到最后一段,最后一段講了對黑人女性實(shí)施暴力的例子,但只是舉例,其最中心的表達(dá)應(yīng)對應(yīng)最后一句話“People do beautiful work and leave beautiful messages”,“messages”對應(yīng)D選項(xiàng)“meaningful”。

Almost 8 percent of Americans 12 and older dealt with depression at some point between 2009 and 2012. With that many of us feeling blue, wouldn't it be nice if we could simply hop on the computer in our pajamas, without any of the stigma of asking for help, and find real relief?

Online programs to fight depression are already commercially available, and while they sound efficient and cost-saving, a study out of the U.K. reports that they're not effective, primarily because depressed patients aren't likely to engage with them or stick with them.

The study, which was published in The BMJ on Wednesday, looked at computer-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy and found that it was no more effective in treating depression than the usual care patients receive from a primary care doctor.

Traditional cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is considered an effective form of talk therapy for depression, helping people challenge negative thoughts and change the way they think in order to change their mood and behaviors. Online CBT programs have been gaining popularity, with the allure of providing low-cost help wherever someone has access to a computer.

A team of researchers from the University of York conducted a randomized control trial with 691 depressed patients from 83 physician practices across England. The patients were split into three groups: one group received only usual care from a physician while the other two groups received usual care from a physician plus one of two computerized CBT programs, either "Beating the Blues" or "MoodGYM."Participants were balanced across the three groups for age, sex, educational background, severity and duration of depression, and use of antidepressants.

After four months, the patients using the computerized CBT programs, or cCBT, had no improvement in depression levels over the patients who were only getting usual care from their doctors. "Uptake and use of cCBT was low, despite regular telephone support," the study authors wrote. Almost a quarter of participants dropped out within four months, and patients noted the "difficulty in repeatedly logging on to computer systems when they are clinically depressed."

"It's an important, cautionary note that we shouldn't get too carried away with the idea that a computer system can replace doctors and therapists," says Christopher Dowrick, a professor of primary medical care at the University of Liverpool, who wrote an accompanying editorial. "We do still need the human touch or the human interaction, particularly when people are depressed."

Being depressed can mean feeling "lost in your own little small, negative, dark world," Dowrick says. Having a person, instead of a computer, reach out to you is particularly important in combating that sense of isolation. "When you're emotionally vulnerable, you're even more in need of a caring human being," he says.

【答案】ACABD

【詳解】

51. What does the recent study say about online CBT programs?

【解析】由題干關(guān)鍵詞“the recent study”和“CBT”定位到第一段第二句第二段第一句。第一段第二句已給出此研究的觀點(diǎn)即“not effective”,原因由“because”引導(dǎo)的內(nèi)容“are not likely to engage with them or stick with them”得出,抑郁癥患者不太可能參與并且堅(jiān)持完全程,對應(yīng)A選項(xiàng)“Patients may not be able to carry them through for effective cure”。

52. What has made online CBT programs increasingly popular?

【解析】由題干關(guān)鍵詞“CBT”和“increasingly popular”定位第三段最后一句“online CBT programs have been gaining popularity”,受歡迎的因素緊隨其后——“l(fā)ow cost help”“access to a computer”,選項(xiàng)C“Their easier and inexpensive access by patients”是原文的同義替換,故為答案。

53. What is the major finding by researchers at the University of York?

【解析】由題干關(guān)鍵詞“researchers”和“the University of York”定位到第四段。第四段描述的是研究主要內(nèi)容和過程,而題干問的“major finding”在第五段可以找到——“had no improvement in depression levels over the patients who were only getting usual care from their doctors”,將兩種治療方法進(jìn)行對比,發(fā)現(xiàn)用網(wǎng)絡(luò)CBT療法的病人沒有得到更有效的改善,所以對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)A Online CBT programs are no more effective than regular care from p...。

54. What is Professor Dowrick’s advice concerning online CBT programs?

【解析】由題干關(guān)鍵詞“Professor Dowrick”定位到第六段。第六段的第一句話是Dowrick教授的建議——“we shouldn’t get too carried away with the idea that a computer system can replace doctors and therapists”。教授建議不應(yīng)該過于沉迷于電腦系統(tǒng)可以替代醫(yī)生和治療希賽網(wǎng)的觀點(diǎn),因此對應(yīng)B選項(xiàng)“Their effectiveness should be not be overestimated”。

55. What is more important to an emotionally vulnerable person?

【解析】由題干關(guān)鍵詞“emotionally vulnerable person”定位到最后一段最后一句,對“a caring human being”的需要對應(yīng)D選項(xiàng)“Human interaction”。

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