中國社會(huì)科學(xué)院考博英語真題（一）

考博英語真題是最佳復(fù)習(xí)資料，是考博學(xué)子常用資料，真題可以快速有效抓住考試的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。希賽網(wǎng)考博英語為廣大考生搜集整理了中國社會(huì)科學(xué)院博士研究生入學(xué)考試英語真題，正在備考的考生快看過來吧。希賽網(wǎng)考博英語真題持續(xù)更新中，請(qǐng)關(guān)注希賽網(wǎng)考博英語頻道。

Direction：Write your translations in your answer sheet．

Part A

Translate the underlined sentences into good Chinese. (15 %)

“The Child is Father of the Man, ”wrote the English poet William Wordsworth. Adults today are as aware as Wordsworth of the importance of childhood experiences that a cherished and well-behaved child has a better chance of growing into a balanced, loving and law-abiding adult than an unloved one.(1)The Children Act of 1989, created to give children much-needed protection against abuse, in the process legalized the ideology: the child comes first．

But while the nurturing of self-esteem in children is now accepted as a requisite of their development, the social and economic demands on over-worked, harassed parent often prevent them from putting this theory into practice where it matters most—in the home. (2)Indeed, much of the time is seems that parents themselves are suffering a crisis of self-esteem．

Reports show that teenagers are increasingly obese and slothful. They watch on average between four and six hours of television a day. No longer subject to the discipline of the evening family meal-the cradle of manners and civil behavior-one in three people eats his or her dinner in front of the television.(3) The fashion industry is increasingly targeting guilty parents and their demanding children; it is not uncommon to see children wearing designer jeans and the latest trainers that they will soon grow out of．

Pre-Christmas toy advertising is designed to strike terror into the hearts of parents and make their children even more demanding and greedy. (4) Every office in the land harbors parents who are exasperated especially by boys who are arrogant, rude, boastful and undisciplined. Many parents are too guiltridden or too bewildered by conflicting child-rearing advice to do anything other than wringtheir hands with worry. (5)The language of civil rights has entered childhood. Children as young as six are now so keenly aware of their “rights” that they freely complain of “unfair” treatment by their elders. Part B Translate the following sentences into good English. (15%)

1．為了保證國民經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)、快速、健康地發(fā)展，我們必須加快國有企業(yè)的改革步伐。

2．孝道是儒家教育的基石，這宣揚(yáng)不僅要孝敬父母，而且要臣服于各級(jí)各類的權(quán)威。

3．目前在中國正進(jìn)行著一場意義深遠(yuǎn)的社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)改革。這個(gè)偉大的改革使封閉的計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)變成了以市場為基礎(chǔ)的開放經(jīng)濟(jì)。

4．一個(gè)母親如果沒有文化，很難擔(dān)負(fù)教育好下一代的責(zé)任。占中國人口半數(shù)的婦女的文化素質(zhì)提不高，全民族的文化素質(zhì)也難提高。

5．我們正努力教育公民不要像西方那樣過分消費(fèi)，比如使用過多的空調(diào)，私人汽車，以及隨意處理的產(chǎn)品。

KEY

Part A

1．今天的成年人和華茲華斯一樣認(rèn)識(shí)到孩童時(shí)期生活經(jīng)歷的重要性——備受關(guān)懷、行為良好的兒童比沒有人痛受的兒童有更高、更多的機(jī)會(huì)成長為心態(tài)平衡、關(guān)心他人和遵紀(jì)守法的成人。

2．可是，人們同意把培養(yǎng)兒童自尊心作為兒童成長的必要條件時(shí)，社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)的要求又使得勞累過度、疲憊不堪的父母在家里常常不能把理論和實(shí)踐相結(jié)合，而這兩者在家里的結(jié)合是至關(guān)重要的。

3．青少年在家用晚餐(此即培養(yǎng)禮貌和文明舉止的場所)時(shí)不再遵守規(guī)矩，三分之一的人一邊吃飯，一邊看電視。

4．圣誕節(jié)前的玩具廣告使得父母們心驚膽戰(zhàn)，卻使他們的孩子更加貪得無厭，要求越來越高。

5．許多父母被相互矛盾的養(yǎng)育孩子的忠告弄得負(fù)疚太深，極度困惑，從而憂心忡忡，一籌莫展。

Part B

1．The speed of reform of state-owned enterprises must be accelerated (stepped up) to ensure sustained, rapid and sound development of the national economy．

2．The doctrine of filial piety, which was the foundation of Confucian education, advocated not only devotion to one's parents but submission to all types of authorities at any levels．

3．At present, a sweeping and profound social and economic reform is being carried out in China. This remarkable transformation has turned a closed economic system centered on plans and projects to an open market-based economy．

4．A mother in a family, who is illiterate, can hardly shoulder the responsibility for a good education of the younger generation. If we fail to improve the cultural quality of women who account nearly half of the population in China, we can by no means improve the cultural quality of the whole nation．

5．We are managing to educate citizens to avoid the behaviors of over consumption, such as the excessive use of air conditioners, private cars and disposable products at will．