2019年6月英語四級仔細閱讀真題答案及解析（卷二）

In the classic marriage vow(誓約)，couples promise to stay together in sickness and in health. But a new study finds that the risk of divorce among older couples rises when the wife ---- not the husband ---- becomes seriously ill.

“Married women diagnosed with a serious health condition may find themselves struggling with the impact of their disease while also experiencing the stress of divorce,” said researched Amelia Karraker.

Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham analyzed 20 years of date on 2,717 marriages from a study conducted by Indiana University since 1992. At the time of the first interview, at least one of the partners was over the age of 50.

The researchers examined how the onset(發(fā)生)of four serious physical illnesses affected marriages. They found that, overall, 31% of marriages ended in divorce over the period studied. The incidence of new chronic(慢性的) illness onset increased over time as well, with more husbands than wives developing serious health problems.

“We found that women are doubly vulnerable to marital break-up in the face of illness,” Karraker said. “ They’re more likely to be widowed, and if they’re the ones who become ill, they’re more likely get divorced.”

While the study didn't assess why divorce is more likely when wives but not husbands become seriously ill, Karraker offers a few possible reason. “Gender norms and social expectations about caregiving may make it more difficult for men to provide care to sick spouses,” Karraker said. “And because of the imbalance in marriage markets, especially in older ages, divorced men have more choices among prospective partners than divorced women.”

Given the increasing concern about health care costs for the aging population, Karraker believes policymakers should be aware of the relationship between disease and risk of divorce.

“Offering support services to spouses caring for their other halves may reduce martial stress and prevent divorce at older ages,” she said. “But it’s also important to recognize that the pressure to divorce may be health-related and that sick ex-wives may need additional care and services to prevent worsening health and increased health costs.”

46. what can we learn about marriage vows from the passage?

A. they may not guarantee a lasting marriage.

B. they are as binding as they used to be.

C. they are not taken seriously any more.

D. they may help couples tide over hard times.

47. What did Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham find about elderly husbands?

A) They are generally not good at taking care of themselves.

B) They can become increasingly vulnerable to serious illness.

C) They can develop different kinds of illness just like their wives.

D) They are more likely to contract serious illness than their wives.

48. What does Karraker say about women who fall ill?

A) They are more likely to be widowed.

B) They are more likely to get divorced.

C) They are less likely to receive good care.

D) They are less likely to bother their spouses.

49. Why is it more difficult for men to take care of their sick spouses according to Karraker?

A) They are more accustomed to receiving care.

B) They find it more important to make money for the family.

C) They think it more urgent to fulfill their social obligations.

D) They expect society to do more of the job.

50. Why does Karraker think is also important?

A) Reducing marital stress on wives.

B) Stabilizing old couples’ realtions.

C) Providing extra care for divorced women.

D) Making men pay for their wives’ health costs.

【答案】A D B C C

【解析】

46. 從marriage vows定位到第一段。該段指出“在經(jīng)典的婚姻誓言(誓約)，夫婦承諾在一起在疾病和健康。但一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，當妻子(而不是丈夫)患重病時，老年夫婦離婚的風險會上升。”關(guān)注轉(zhuǎn)折詞but后面的內(nèi)容，the risk of divorce among older couples rises when the wife ---- not the husband ---- becomes seriously ill“當妻子(而不是丈夫)患重病時，老年夫婦離婚的風險會上升”。故選項A正確。

47. 根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞Karraker和Kenzie Latham 定位到第三段開始的內(nèi)容。題干問的是發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么，第三段是實驗過程，第四段是實驗結(jié)果。答案出自于第四段第二句“They found that, overall, 31% of marriages ended in divorce over the period studied. The incidence of new chronic(慢性的) illness onset increased over time as well, with more husbands than wives developing serious health problems.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，總的來說，在研究期間，31%的婚姻以離婚告終。新的慢性疾病的發(fā)病率也隨著時間的推移而增加，丈夫比妻子發(fā)展出嚴重的健康問題。)” 故選項D為正確答案。

48. 根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“Karraker”“women who fall ill”定位到第五段。該段指出“if they’re the ones who become ill, they’re more likely get divorced.(如果她們是生病的人，她們更有可能離婚。)” 故選項B為正確答案

49. 根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“why” “ more difficult” “Karraker”定位到第六段。該段指出“Gender norms and social expectations about caregiving may make it more difficult for men to provide care to sick spouses(性別規(guī)范和對護理的社會期望可能使男性更難照顧其患病的配偶。),”故選項C正確

50. 根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞”Karraker” “important”，定位到第八段“But it’s also important to recognize that the pressure to divorce may be health-related and that sick ex-wives may need additional care and services to prevent worsening health and increased health costs.(但也必須認識到離婚的壓力可能與健康有關(guān)，生病的前妻可能需要額外的護理和照顧，以防止健康狀況惡化和健康成本增加。)”故選項C正確。